Illegal Immigration of Syrians: Causes and Implications

Illegal Immigration of Syrians: Causes and Implications

Since 2011, the country has been witnessing a continuous wave of illegal migration, with three major waves recorded. The first peak was in 2012, the second in 2015, and the third in 2021. During these years, approximately 7 million refugees left Syria, in addition to a similar number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) who are typically seen as a major source of refugee flow to the world.

Civil Society and Local Elites in Northern Syria

Civil Society and Local Elites in Northern Syria

Since 2011, the authority in Syria has relatively lost its ability to intervene in societal matters, gradually restoring the presence of civil society through the emergence of entities such as unions, political bodies, community associations, media unions, humanitarian and development organizations, among others.